* ENH: Globally enable Cython free-threading directive

This is the Cython equivalent of adding a `Py_mod_gil` slot with
`Py_MOD_GIL_NOT_USED` like we did in #59135.

* Use add_project_arguments

* Mark json with Py_MOD_GIL_NOT_USED & remove PYTHON_GIL env var from ci test job

* Compiled pandas with -Wextra

* np_datetime_strings.c fallthrough

* test fixes

* win compat

* win compat again?

* size_t arg fixup

* casts

* size_t fixes

* more size_t fix

* json fixes

* builtin Py_UNUSED

* CI: Unpin Cython

* Update actions-311-numpydev.yaml

* disable cache for now

* try bumping meson

* bump meson everywhere

---------

Co-authored-by: Matthew Roeschke <10647082+mroeschke@users.noreply.github.com>

* BLD: some changes to make meson.build more idiomatic

- Use `pure: false` only in a single place. This is recommended for
  robustness, this way you can't forget it in a subdirectory and end up
  with a subtly broken package only on niche Linux distros that split
  purelib and platlib directories.
- Use `py.install_sources` with a list input rather than in a foreach
  loop.
- Remove the `werror` comment: it's never a good idea to enable
  `-Werror` by default in the build config of a library, that can easily
  break builds. This should be done in one or more CI jobs instead.

* BLD: run `generate_version.py` with a shebang, not 'python'

The way this was before can result in build failures. It assumed that
`python` is a working Python 3.x interpreter, and that is not always
true. See for example this bug report for the exact same thing in
NumPy, where `python` isn't working for Sage:
https://github.com/numpy/numpy/issues/24514

Meson guarantees that .py scripts with a shebang on the top line will
be run with a Python interpreter (if there's none on the PATH, it can
use the one Meson itself is run with). Hence this is the most robust
way of using `run_command` on a .py script.

* Revert "MAINT: small simplification of meson.build following best practices (#54737)"

This reverts commit ca429943.

* Update meson.build

* Update meson.build

---------

Co-authored-by: Thomas Li <47963215+lithomas1@users.noreply.github.com>

* MAINT: small simplification of meson.build following best practices

* MAINT: remove comment about resolved issue

* BUG: fix build with default Homebrew Python setup

Homebrew does not install a python link, just python3.

* CI: Test Python 3.12

* Update unit-tests.yml

* Update config.yml

* update

* fix condition

* fix some tests

* Remove wheel building for Python 3.12

* fix more

* Use timezone.utc

* Address typing, utcfromtimestamp

* fix some slice changes

* fix all indexing bugs?

* fix import

* go for green

* disable macos for now, fix other tests

* Update indexing.py

* finally fix?

* Update expr.py

* Update pandas/tests/computation/test_eval.py

Co-authored-by: Matthew Roeschke <10647082+mroeschke@users.noreply.github.com>

* Update test_eval.py

* Update test_eval.py

* fixes

* formatting

---------

Co-authored-by: Matthew Roeschke <10647082+mroeschke@users.noreply.github.com>